虚拟医疗有望提高医疗服务的可及性,但也可能导致成本上升
虽然虚拟医疗可以改善医疗服务的可及性,但若因此减少面对面就诊次数,可能会增加医疗系统的成本。例如,虚拟病房或可用于缓解医院床位紧张的问题,但如果虚拟医疗和居家医疗选项未能释放床位资源,反而可能增加成本,并加剧医护人员的压力。
在美国,消费者与医疗系统在虚拟医疗方面的认知似乎存在分歧。根据《德勤2024年医疗消费者调研》,尽管虚拟医疗需求不断攀升,但一些医疗机构却已减少或终止提供相关服务。调查结果显示,约65%的受访者认为,虚拟医疗比传统面对面医疗护理更为便利。此外,在全球其他地区,虚拟医疗的需求也超出了服务供给能力。然而,虚拟医疗并未得到系统地构建。在许多国家,虚拟医疗仅仅是新冠肺炎疫情期间采用的一种应急措施。
资本获取受限以及对投资回报率的严格审查等挑战,可能会减缓虚拟医疗的采用速度。医疗系统应考虑开展定价分析,探究虚拟医疗与面对面医疗护理在不同患者群体、预约类型及不同治理环境下的财务影响,从而为识别增长机遇以及提高患者留存率提供宝贵洞见。
此外,医疗系统应致力于完善流程设计与运营策略,确保虚拟医疗服务在经济上具有可行性。这将涉及扩充服务能力,以提高患者接待量并拓宽业务范围。得益于预约周转率的提升,临床医生能够接诊更多患者。同时,诊所也可以通过安排临床医生在线轮班,延长问诊时间,从而提高医疗服务的可及性。
随着其数字化水平与效率的不断提升,医疗系统应评估服务对象的需求。尽管部分患者可以通过智能手机、平板电脑或笔记本电脑与医疗专家进行沟通,但仍有部分人群可能无法使用这些设备或宽带服务。此外,部分患者可能对虚拟技术的操作不甚了解,或者缺乏进行虚拟诊疗的私人空间。因此,医疗系统需与其他利益相关方携手,共同制定多渠道服务提供和患者互动策略,助力提升服务对象的数字与金融素养。若不在该领域进行投资,数字化转型可能会加剧医疗不公平等现象。
满足患者期望的策略举措
医疗系统通过消除低效环节,或许能更好地满足患者不断变化的期望。这不仅有助于增提升患者的忠诚度、树立医疗机构声誉和品牌形象,还能通过亲友推荐推广医疗服务。因此,为了提升效率,增进患者互动,并打造更好的患者体验,医疗系统领导者应考虑实施以下策略:
评估替代性医疗服务模式:许多人对于尝试更加新颖、更高效的医疗服务获取方式颇感兴趣。医疗系统借助虚拟医疗、居家医疗、零售医疗等替代性医疗服务模式,可就地为患者提供服务。然而,医疗系统不应局限于复制面对面的就诊体验,而应探索超越患者期望的方法。调查显示,63%的受访者预计,其所在机构在2025年将投资于替代性医疗服务模式、新设施或新的医疗服务提供方式。
运用数字化工具增进患者互动与福祉:医疗行业的未来日趋数字化,那些积极迎接这一变革的医疗系统,有望在不断变化的市场环境下占据优势。逾七成的受访医疗系统高管(72%)认为,投资于支持数字工具应用的平台至关重要。公共医疗系统通过改善服务对象的健康状况,有望降低成本。数字化工具的开发应考虑所有群体的需求,并确保医疗服务能够覆盖不同人群。
寻求提高流程效率的途径:就医等待时间过长可能影响患者的满意度,也可能让员工因无法满足患者需求或未能及时为患者提供治疗而承受压力。因此,医疗系统领导者应探索工作流程自动化或优化措施,以缩短患者的等待时间,并全面改善患者的就医体验。
优先关注气候变化与可持续性问题
极端高温、烟雾以及空气中的花粉浓度过高,正在加剧哮喘等慢性疾病的症状,同时也导致中暑等病例增多。25此外,气候变化也加大了感染蚊子、蜱虫等昆虫携带的虫媒传染病的风险。随着气候变暖和湿度增加,蚊子繁殖速度或将加快,从而增加了人们感染西尼罗病毒病、寨卡病毒乃至登革热的概率。26气候变化可能直接作用于环境,从而加剧那些可能影响身心健康的社会经济问题。
医疗系统负责为患有因气候变化而引起相关疾病的患者提供治疗,而其自身也加剧了气候变化。全球医疗行业产生的温室气体排放量占全球总排放量的5.2%。27虽然医疗系统在应对气候变化引起的健康问题上具备独特优势,但调查显示,仅有10%的受访高管将相关健康问题列为优先事项,即使有46%的受访高管预计这一问题在本年度会对其所在机构产生一定程度的影响。
投资于可持续发展可以通过改善人们健康状况和减少服务需求来降低医疗成本,比如减少哮喘发作和急诊就诊次数。然而,若缺乏有力的财政激励或政策指令,这类投资则难以实现。目前,气候变化和可持续发展倡议常常被视为开支项。将这类倡议融入其他倡议中,或将加快其实施进程。
致力实现2025年医疗行业目标
推进医疗机构数字化转型,仍然是全球各地医疗系统的首要任务。不论地域差异,医疗行业已蓄势待发,迎接数字化转型。此次转型将使用自动化流程替代人工流程,有望大幅提升运营效率。此外,还将通过接管低价值的行政事务来提高员工的生产力,确保更多资源直接投入患者护理中。考虑到劳动力成本通常在医疗系统成本中占据较大的比重,28那些能够提升员工生产力和效率的技术有望为行业带来积极的投资回报。此外,这类技术还有助于进一步改善患者的健康状况和整体就医体验。同时,全球多个医疗系统正面临临床人员短缺的问题,难以充分满足医疗服务需求。
尽管面临预算有限、临床人员短缺,以及新技术应用的压力,许多医疗系统领导者对于在2025年实现成本削减和改善患者体验的目标仍持乐观态度。
尾注
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